Sutures: Lambdoid, Parietomastoid, Occipitomastoidįeatures: External occipital protuberance, Superior nuchal line, Inferior nuchal line, Inionīones: Maxilla (Palatine processes, alveolar processes), Palatine (Horizontal plate), Sphenoid (Body, greater wings, and medial and lateral pterygoid plates), Temporal (Squamous, petromastoid, and tympanic parts), Occipital (Basilar and squamous parts)įeatures: Incissive fossa, Posterior nasal spine, Pharyngeal tubercle, Pterygoid fossa, Scaphoid fossa, Pterygoid hamulus, Infratemporal crest, Spine of sphenoid, Mandibular fossa, Articular tubercle, Jugular fossa, Styloid process, Occipital condyle, Mastoid process, Mastoid notch (groove for posterior belly of digastric muscle), External occipital crest, Superior and inferior nuchal lines, External occipital protuberanceįoramina: Incisive Greater and lesser palatine, Foramen ovale, Foramen spinosum, Foramen lacerum, Opening for auditory tube, Carotid canal, Pterygoid canal, Foramen magnum, Hypoglossal canal, Jugular foramen, Stylomastoid foramen, Posterior nasal apertures (choanae)įeatures: Frontal crest, Groove for superior sagittal sinus, Groove for brances of middle meningeal vessels, Depressions for arachnoid granulationsīones: Frontal (orbital plates), Ethmoid (cribriform plate), Sphenoid (lesser wings and jugum)įeatures: Crista galli, Anterior clinoid processįoramina: Cribriform plate foramina, Foramen caecum, Nasal slitsīones: Sphenoid (body and greater wings), Temporal (petrous and squamous parts) Sutures: Coronal, Sagittal, Lambdoid, Frontal (Metopic) įeatures: Parietal eminence, Bregma, Lambdaīones: Frontal, Nasal, Maxilla, Zygomaticįeatures: Supercilary arches, Glabella, Nasion, Orbit, Anterior nasal aperture, Anterior nasal spineīones: Frontal, Parietal, Sphenoid (greater wing), Temporal (squamous part, and zygomatic, mastoid and styloid processes), Occipital, Zygomatic, Maxillaįeatures: Pterion, Superior and Inferior temporal lines, Supramastoid crest, Temporal fossa, Infratemporal fossa, Pterygopalatine fossaįoramina: External accoustic meatus, Zygomaticotemporal foramenīones: Parietals, Occipital, Temporal, (mastoid part) The 14 Bones of facial skeleton (2single and 6 paired)īones: Frontal, Parietals, Occipital (squamous part) The 8 Bones of cranium (4 single and 2 paired) Subcutaneous emphysema may be present.Cranium (Brain case) or Facial skeleton or Neurocranium or Viscerocranium.Ĭalvaria Cranial base or Cranial Vault or Base of skull or Upper part of brain case. Injury to the infraorbital nerve may result in infraorbital paresthesia, and gaze disturbances may result from injury to orbital contents. Clinically, patients present with a flattened malar eminence and edema and ecchymosis to the area, with a palpable step-off on examination. More extensive trauma can result in the “tripod fracture,” which consists of fractures through three structures: 1) the frontozygomatic suture 2) the maxillary process of the zygoma including the inferior orbital floor, inferior orbital rim, and lateral wall of the maxillary sinus and 3) the zygomatic arch.
These present clinically with pain on opening the mouth secondary to the insertion of the temporalis muscle at the arch or impingement on the coronoid process. Direct blows to the arch can result in isolated arch fractures. The arch forms the inferior and lateral orbit, and the body forms the malar eminence of the face. The zygoma bone has two major components, the zygomatic arch and the body.
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